How did carrier air-group organization develop across the interwar navies?
Short answerThe US Navy moved to squadrons first, Japan followed, and Britain used senior flight leaders to coordinate multiple flights before gaining a formal squadron structure.
NotesThe US Navy adopted squadron organization first, followed by Japanese development and then the British system. Royal Navy aviation remained formally organized in flights under Air Ministry rules, but senior flight leaders coordinated multiple flights in a squadron-like structure. That workaround gave carrier commanders a usable formation without changing the formal Air Ministry organization. The distinction shows how administrative control could lag behind operational practice.