Why carrier bridges stayed in the island

Would a navigation bridge beneath the forward flight deck be safer than combining it with flight operations in a vulnerable island?

Trials exposed poor visibility, severe operational disturbance, and interference with flight-deck equipment, so the theoretically safer arrangement worked badly in practice.

A below-deck bridge appears attractive because it separates navigation from the conspicuous carrier island. In practice, poor all-round visibility, aircraft noise and impact overhead, and conflicts with catapults and other flight-deck machinery made the arrangement troublesome. The island survived because it provided an efficient command position for both ship handling and aviation. Twin-island layouts such as those used on Queen Elizabeth-class carriers offer a different way to separate functions without burying the bridge beneath the flight deck.