Were the fleets badly weakened by disease after remaining in the Caribbean so long?
Short answerDisease mattered, but ship rotation and shore hospitals prevented one fleet from being uniquely ravaged relative to the other.
NotesTropical disease remained a serious hazard, but the Caribbean squadrons were not fixed populations deteriorating indefinitely. Ships arrived and departed in rotation, while bases maintained hospitals and other measures intended to control fever. Disease was not the decisive imbalance at Grenada because both sides were managing comparable exposure.