Were battleship and cruiser secondary armaments effective in battle?
Short answerYes, depending on the battle: they provided air defense and could engage cruisers or destroyers alongside the main battery.
NotesSecondary batteries could make useful contributions to air defense. In surface actions, they could engage cruisers or destroyers while the capital ship fought other opponents. Battles involving Italian forces provide examples of that simultaneous work. Some engagements also saw the secondary battery fire at the main target, so its contribution depended on the action.