Panama's absence would reduce the commercial pull of the United States' Pacific coast during its development. European cargoes could reach eastern ports directly, whereas ships bound for the west coast would face voyages around South America, Africa, or Asia. Large merchant vessels earn money by serving several viable ports, so a route through the Indian Ocean, Africa, Europe, and eastern North America could offer more profitable stops. Shipping would favour routes with more viable stops, shifting trade incentives away from the Pacific coast.
Notable Point · 7:41-9:04
A missing Panama shifts trade away from the Pacific coast
Without Panama, European trade would favour the American east coast and make the west coast a less attractive stop on global shipping circuits.