What happens if von Spee reaches Port Stanley before Sturdee?
Short answerA battleship in harbour could engage over the hill while von Spee could not effectively reply, probably forcing him back to sea and turning Sturdee's operation into an ocean search.
NotesIf the German squadron approached Port Stanley before Admiral Sturdee's force arrived, a British battleship in harbour could fire using spotting arrangements. Von Spee's ships lacked the means to see and answer a target hidden beyond the hill. Spee would probably withdraw rather than remain under unanswered fire. Sturdee would then have to refuel and begin a much less certain ocean pursuit.