Were coloured sails used to identify ships during large fleet battles?
Short answerLarge stern flags were the main means of identification. Neither hull paint nor sail colour supplied a dependable uniform fleet scheme.
NotesLarge flags flown at the stern were the principal means of identifying friend or foe. Ships in one fleet did not share a uniform paint scheme, and some could resemble enemy ships more closely than their own companions. Painting sails for identification was possible, but the colour would not necessarily remain useful throughout a prolonged campaign. Nelson's ships before Trafalgar provide the example of vessels that had already spent a long time at sea.