What if the British Empire retained Hawaii, and how would that affect World War II and the postwar economy?
Short answerBritish Hawaii would offer Pacific basing and possible American access, while its limited economy and position away from Britain's main trade routes would restrict the benefit.
NotesThe initial reference to the Sandwich Islands is clarified as Hawaii at 27:08. British possession would place a base between North America and Japan, with American access potentially negotiated through a destroyers-for-bases arrangement. Fortification would matter, and the hope is that Britain would prepare it better than Singapore. Hawaii's modest economy would offer little relief to postwar Britain, while its location lay away from Britain's main routes through the Indian Ocean and Mediterranean. A participant suggests that Canada could gain from island bases in both oceans, but Clarke doubts Ottawa would finance the development required, particularly in Hawaii. The Panama Canal affects the route calculation, without making Hawaii central to most British trade.