Why did Cleveland-class cruisers have much larger crews than the similar Town class?
Short answerUS Navy designs and procedures were generally more labor-intensive, while British ships used space and organization to operate with fewer people.
NotesThe Cleveland and Town classes could appear similar in combat role while carrying very different complements. Much of the gap came from national design and operating practice rather than one conspicuous weapon system. American ships often assigned more people to maintenance and operation. British layouts provided working space intended to let a smaller crew achieve a similar level of upkeep and readiness.