What if Britain had taken Alaska from Russia during the Crimean War and retained it as part of Canada?
Short answerCanada would gain resources, Pacific population, naval reach, and a much larger Cold War defense role, while US access to the far northwest would depend more heavily on Canada.
NotesAlaska's resources and coastline would become part of British North America and later strengthen the Canadian state. Pacific settlement, ports, and naval presence would develop differently because Canada would command the northwest corner of the continent. The United States would become more dependent on cooperation with Canada for northern access and defense. In the Cold War, Alaska's air routes, early-warning sites, and position opposite the Soviet Union would make Canada an even more important NATO frontier.