Why a navy should not make every ship a first-rate

Building every ship to the highest combat standard exhausts budgets and leaves too few vessels for routine commitments. Sailing navies used six formal rates and additional unrated craft because minor threats and fleet battles required different levels of capability. The American War of Independence provides the historical comparison: Britain's local force initially faced limited American naval opposition. French intervention increased the need for stronger ships and experienced commanders. In this interpretation, the earlier allocation of less capable leadership helped create the problems at Chesapeake Bay. A balanced fleet must provide affordable presence while retaining enough strength for a major opponent.