How much did Germany's early success shape Japan's decision to attack the European empires?
Short answerGermany's success mattered within a loose alignment, but Japan, Germany, and Italy shared grievances more than coordinated strategy.
NotesA viewer asks how German successes influenced Japan's decision to move against Western empires. Japan was only loosely connected to Germany and Italy in operational terms. The three powers shared hostility to liberal democracy and a belief that the post-First World War settlement had wronged them. They were colleagues brought together by compatible grievances, not friends or housemates pursuing a genuinely integrated strategy.