What capabilities should a late-1860s US Navy seagoing ironclad have?
Short answerIt should adapt the ocean-going HMS Warrior model instead of relying on monitors whose Atlantic passages were hazardous.
NotesHMS Warrior's plans already solved many requirements of an ocean-going armored ship and offered a practical starting point for an American design. US yards could construct iron hulls, so the limiting question was the form to build rather than basic industrial ability. Low-freeboard monitors were effective in protected or coastal waters but poorly suited to independent Atlantic passages. Towing monitors across the ocean exposed those seaworthiness limits and resulted in losses. A Warrior-derived design would give the late-1860s US Navy proven endurance, freeboard, and ocean capability.