Were ancient wars less total or intense because they were more drawn out?
Short answerThey were often more seasonal and constrained by weather and food, but battles involving hundreds of thousands show that their concentrated intensity could still be enormous.
NotesAncient warfare was more seasonal and more tightly constrained by weather, harvests and food supply. Those limits did not automatically make combat less intense. Cape Ecnomus, with a reported 290,000 people involved at sea, supplies a counterexample. Seasonal campaigning could still bring enormous numbers of people together in a single battle.