F110: separating the first five ships from later proposals

The assessment centres on the first five F110 frigates. Two further ships, F116 and F117, are described as announced with stronger anti-aircraft and anti-surface capabilities, but with few details available. A slightly larger ship with more VLS capacity is suggested as a plausible development, without assuming that ASW performance must suffer. The composite superstructure and digital twin are presented as firsts for the Spanish Navy. A digital twin is explained as a computer representation used to investigate faults and understand individual ships more closely. Such additional functions also contribute to the cost of modern warships.